Which Seeds are Most Nutritious and What Well being Advantages Do They Have?


Seeds are little vitamin bombs. At first look, they’re inconspicuous, but they comprise a load of helpful vitamins. Whether or not it’s chia seeds, pumpkin seeds or different varieties, they will all be simply added to your meals to completely enrich your food plan with helpful micronutrients. Which seeds must you definitively incorporate into your food plan?

On this article you’ll study the advantages of those seeds:

What’s it about these seeds that makes them so distinctive?

Seeds play an important function within the plant world, as they’re important for replica. It’s from seeds {that a} new plant develops. This makes them a terrific addition to your food plan, due to their exceptionally diversified nutrient content material. You would examine them to an egg, for instance, from which a chick develops. Just like the egg, the seeds are a reservoir of numerous helpful substances mandatory for the event of latest life.

Whether or not we’re speaking about flax, sunflower or sesame seeds, all of them have one thing in frequent. They’re wealthy in wholesome fat and plenty of of them even have an fascinating proportion of fibre or protein. They don’t lack in nutritional vitamins, minerals or different helpful biologically energetic substances. All these vitamins go hand in hand with well being advantages that make them value including to your food plan. As well as, the seeds are naturally gluten-free, to allow them to even be consumed by folks with coeliac illness, gluten allergy symptoms or non-coeliac gluten sensitivity as a part of a gluten-free food plan.

seed properties

Which seeds are most nutritious and finest?

1. Chia seeds

Chia seeds come from a plant referred to as the Spanic sage, which is native to the areas of Mexico and Guatemala. These are tiny black balls which were utilized by people for vitamin and in cosmetics for greater than 5,000 years. [11]

What well being advantages do chia seeds have?

  • They’ve been proven to have a helpful impact on the cardiovascular system, primarily resulting from their content material of wholesome fat within the type of polyunsaturated fatty acids.
  • They could even be concerned in immune operate.
  • There’s additionally discuss of their impact on controlling irritation within the physique or, for instance, blood clotting. The fatty acids contained in chia produce prostaglandins, leukotrienes and different substances concerned in anti-inflammatory and coagulation processes.
  • They may also be efficient in reducing blood levels of cholesterol.
  • Throughout being pregnant, they are often of profit to the mind of the creating foetus.
  • Your digestive system will admire them too. They’ll turn out to be useful for issues with constipation or irritable bowel syndrome.
  • They’re additionally helpful for weight reduction, as a result of due to their properties, they will help you are feeling fuller, thus serving to to curb disagreeable starvation. [11]

What accommodates chia seeds?

Chia is valued for its nice dietary profile. They’re wealthy in prime quality protein, which additionally has a beneficial spectrum of important amino acids, that are these amino acids that our physique can not create by itself and should be consumed via food plan. These are present in chia in near-optimal proportions not usually present in plant sources. [11]

Chia are additionally wealthy in fibre. It’s possible you’ll be acquainted with how these seeds swell when dipped in liquid. The water then binds to the fibre, which implies that the seeds can improve their weight as much as 15 occasions. This property is beneficial, for instance, for correct digestion in addition to for weight reduction.

In addition they stand out for his or her wholesome fats content material. In reality, they’re wealthy in helpful polyunsaturated fat, particularly the well-known omega-3 monounsaturated fatty acid and alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). From this, the physique produces eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), that are important for a wholesome mind, eyesight and coronary heart.

Chia seeds additionally comprise varied energetic substances comparable to polyphenols, together with quercetin and chlorogenic acid. These and plenty of different substances are recognized for his or her antioxidant properties, which assist the physique combat oxidative stress.

Among the many minerals and nutritional vitamins, calcium, potassium,  magnesium, folic acid and vitamin E are value mentioning.

the benefits of chia seeds

Common power and nutrient content material of chia seeds

Dietary values

100 g
Power worth 486 kcal
Fats 30.7 g
– monounsaturated fatty acids 2.3 g
– polyunsaturated fatty acids 23.7 g
Carbohydrates 42 g
Fibre 34.4 g
Protein 16.5 g
[14]

eat chia seeds?

You’ll be able to add these tiny seeds to nearly any dish with out altering its style or flavour. For instance, they’re excellent for the next dishes.

Essentially the most well-known is the scrumptious chia pudding. It’s ready by soaking the seeds in yoghurt, water, milk or a vegetable drink and letting them swell. Then simply garnish them with elements to style.

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the benefits of flax seeds

2. Flax seeds

Flax is a flowering plant with small purple-blue flowers from which yellow or brown seeds are obtained. It’s at the moment cultivated in additional than fifty international locations, together with India, China and Ethiopia. In reality, flax seeds are exceptionally nutritious and add further worth to meals. [5]

Flax seed oil can be made out of them. Nonetheless, it’s only appropriate for chilly cooking (e.g. as a salad dressing), as warmth can destroy the helpful substances it accommodates, which is actually not what you need.

What are the well being advantages of flax seeds?

  • They boast a constructive impact on cardiovascular well being due to omega-3 fatty acids. For instance, they’ve been proven to cut back LDL (unhealthy) ldl cholesterol and triacylglycerols within the blood.
  • Their excessive fibre content material is useful for these with diabetes. It’s because it may assist decrease blood sugar (glycaemia).
  • Research counsel that they may even have a constructive impact in efforts to stop most cancers. For instance, they particularly deal with breast most cancers.
  • Their constructive impact on digestion can be well-known. They’re usually used to assist relieve constipation.
  • The mind also can profit from flax seeds. [8]

What do flax seeds comprise?

These seeds are top-of-the-line plant sources of omega-3 fatty acids, that are notably valued for his or her results on the mind and coronary heart. They’re wealthy within the aforementioned alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), which accounts for as much as round 70 % of the full fats content material of the seeds. There are roughly 22 g of ALA in 100 g of seeds.

The EFSA (European Meals Security Authority) recommends that ALA ought to make up 0.5% of complete power consumption. Thus, for a reference consumption of 2000 kcal, 1 g of ALA per day could be adequate. That is the quantity present in 4.5 g of flax seed (approx. 1 teaspoon). [5,13]

Moreover, flax seeds are wealthy in fibre, which consists of each soluble and insoluble elements. On one hand, it may due to this fact be helpful once we need to enhance defecation, for instance. Nonetheless, within the digestive tract it may bind sugar, for instance, and thus decelerate its absorption. [5]

So far as micronutrients are involved, these seeds have notably excessive ranges of potassium, zinc, magnesium, calcium and iron. They’re additionally wealthy in folic acid. [5]

Flax seeds are characterised by their lignans, which, along with flavonoids and phenolic acids, are thought to contribute to the seeds’ antioxidant properties. They thus assist the physique to combat free radicals brought on by oxidative stress. [5]

Common power and nutrient content material of flax seeds

Dietary values

100 g
Power worth 534 kcal
Fats 42 g
– monounsaturated fatty acids 7.5 g
– polyunsaturated fatty acids 28.7 g
Carbohydrates 29 g
Fibre 27 g
Protein 19.3 g
[14]

eat flax seeds?

You’ll be able to eat them entire, however it’s preferable to eat them floor. This fashion your physique can take in and use extra vitamins from them. You need to use the seeds in each kinds to reinforce, for instance, the next dishes.

  • cereal porridge, yoghurt or quark with fruit
  • smoothie
  • banana bread or different widespread truffles
  • crackers or varied savoury snacks
  • salads

Flax seeds (particularly in floor type), like flaxseed oil, must be saved within the fridge. Due to their excessive omega-3 fatty acid content material, they will oxidise and develop into rancid in a short time at room temperature or when uncovered to gentle. They shouldn’t be consumed on this state.

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3. Sesame seeds

Sesame seeds come from the Indian sesame, a plant with white, bell-shaped flowers. It is likely one of the 4 important oilseed crops grown in China. Sesame seeds, which will be white, black, brown or purple, are widespread for his or her fragrant flavour and aroma, which is enhanced by roasting. They may also be loved within the type of sesame oil or the favored tahini paste. [12]

What are the well being advantages of sesame seeds?

  • Scientists speak about their antioxidant results, due to the content material of many substances which were proven to have the ability to successfully combat free radicals.
  • Research additionally spotlight their impact on reducing levels of cholesterol.
  • Flax seed consumption has additionally been linked to decrease blood strain.
  • They could even have anti-inflammatory results. [12]

What do sesame seeds comprise?

Sesame, like different seeds, are wealthy in wholesome fat. They’ve roughly equal proportions of monounsaturated and polyunsaturated fatty acids. It’s due to oleic acid, which is a MUFA, and different unsaturated FAs that sesame is useful for our coronary heart and blood vessels. [12]

Within the case of sesame seeds, it is usually value mentioning their important amino acid content material. These are present in optimum proportions and the standard of sesame protein is just like that of animal protein. [12]

Of the minerals, iron, calcium and zinc are essentially the most considerable. Of the nutritional vitamins, vitamin E, a well known antioxidant, leads the best way. Sesame seeds additionally comprise different energetic substances that are value mentioning. For instance, sesamin, sesamol and different lignans, which have antioxidant properties. For example, sesamin has additionally proven in research to have a constructive impact on blood strain. [12]

health benefits of sesame seeds

Common power and nutrient content material of sesame seeds

Dietary values

100 g
Power worth 573 kcal
Fats 49.7 g
– monounsaturated fatty acids 18.8 g
– polyunsaturated fatty acids 21.8 g
Carbohydrates 23.4 g
Fibre 11.8 g
Protein 17.7 g
[14]

eat sesame seeds?

Sesame is extensively utilized in conventional Chinese language dishes. Not solely do they use sesame oil or tahini paste, however in addition they use the seeds to make sweets and truffles. You can also experiment with conventional or much less conventional dishes and add sesame seeds to the next dishes, for instance.

  • salads
  • soups
  • savoury pastries
  • savoury bars and different snacks
  • biscuits
  • crumbed meat crust
  • meat sauces

4. Sunflower seeds

Sunflower seeds come from the attractive and widespread sunflower plant. This plant will get its title due to its sun-like look or its means to rotate to observe the solar. It’s a plant native to North America and was launched to Europe by the Spanish within the fifteenth century. [10]

Sunflower oil is produced from sunflower seeds. It’s out there in a refined type, which is especially appropriate for heat cooking. Nonetheless, there’s additionally cold-pressed, which is extra appropriate to be used in chilly cooking.

What are the well being advantages of sunflower seeds?

  • Scientists have highlighted their antioxidant properties. They comprise quite a few antioxidants, comparable to sterols, tocopherols and different nutritional vitamins. [10]
  • They’ll additionally assist decrease ldl cholesterol, most likely resulting from their phytosterol or unsaturated fatty acid content material. [10]
  • Total, they will contribute to improved cardiovascular well being. [1]
  • They are often helpful in osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis or different inflammatory illnesses. [1]

What do sunflower seeds comprise?

Sunflower seeds are wealthy in protein and wholesome fat. Of the fat, as within the case of the earlier seeds, unsaturated fat paved the way. Essentially the most considerable fatty acids are oleic or linoleic acid, that are recognized for his or her constructive well being results on the center and blood vessels. [10]

The seeds additionally comprise saturated stearic acid. Some forms of sunflower oil even have as much as 30% of this FA. It’s possible you’ll know that some saturated fat, when consumed in extreme quantities, can have a slightly detrimental impact on cardiovascular well being. Nonetheless, stearic acid specifically is thought for its impartial impact. Quite the opposite, it makes the oil extra secure and extra appropriate for warmth remedy. [10]

Sunflower seeds are additionally wealthy in zinc, potassium, manganese, iron and selenium. Selenium is important for the operate of one of the necessary antioxidant programs within the physique, glutathione. The antioxidant properties of those seeds are additionally introduced on by tocopherols (vitamin E) or carotenoids, for instance. In addition they comprise a big proportion of folic acid and B nutritional vitamins. [10]

The phytosterol content material of sunflower seeds is usually talked about. These play a constructive function on the impact they’ve on levels of cholesterol. They’ve an identical construction to ldl cholesterol and are absorbed from the gut as an alternative. A each day consumption of 0.4-2 g of phytosterols is advisable to indicate an impact on reducing LDL ldl cholesterol. Sunflower seeds comprise round 270 mg/100 g, so they may assist considerably along with your advisable consumption. [9,10]

health benefits of sunflower seeds

Common power and nutrient content material of sunflower seeds

Dietary values

100 g
Power worth 584 kcal
Fats 51.5 g
– monounsaturated fatty acids 18.5 g
– polyunsaturated fatty acids 23 g
Carbohydrates 20 g
Fibre 8.6 g
Protein 20.8 g
[14]

eat sunflower seeds?

You’ll be able to take pleasure in them on their personal as a tasty snack, or roast them, which provides them an fascinating flavour and aroma. The seeds may also be used to boost your favorite dishes.

  • salads
  • home made muesli bars or granola
  • soups
  • spreads
  • truffles, for instance, banana cake
  • cereal porridge

5. Pumpkin seeds

Because the title implies, pumpkin seeds are obtained from the pumpkin. They’re usually seen as a waste product, which is a good pity as they’re full of health-enhancing vitamins.

Not solely pumpkin seeds, but in addition the pumpkin seed oil produced from them is a nutritionally wealthy meals with many advantages.

What are the well being advantages of pumpkin seeds?

  • Because of their composition, they’ve a constructive impact on the well being of the coronary heart and blood vessels.
  • They will help decrease blood sugar ranges, which may make them helpful for diabetics.
  • Research additionally point out their attainable antidepressant impact.
  • In addition they present a promising constructive impact on assuaging prostatic hyperplasia (benign enlargement of the prostate).
  • They could additionally presumably have antimicrobial results. [3]

What do pumpkin seeds comprise?

Pumpkin seeds are additionally recognized for his or her wholesome fats content material. When it comes to unsaturated fatty acids, omega-6 linoleic acid and monounsaturated oleic acid paved the way. The protein of pumpkin seeds excels in its important amino acid content material. In reality, their spectrum is just like that of soya, which makes them a comparatively prime quality vegetable protein supply.

These seeds are additionally wealthy in vitamin E, magnesium, potassium, phosphorus and zinc. They’re additionally recognized for his or her comparatively excessive iron content material. Nonetheless, it must be remembered that, as with different plant sources, this mineral is much less simply absorbed than from animal meals. Nonetheless, its absorption will be enhanced by combining it with vitamin C or animal protein.

Amongst different bioactive substances, they owe their helpful results to carotenoids, saonins, phenolic substances and phytosterols. [3]

health benefits of pumpkin seeds

Common power and nutrient content material of pumpkin seeds

Dietary values

100 g
Power worth 559 kcal
Fats 49 g
– monounsaturated fatty acids 16.2 g
– polyunsaturated fatty acids 21 g
Carbohydrates 10.7 g
Fibre 6 g
Protein 30.2 g
[14]

eat pumpkin seeds?

Most often, pumpkin seeds are eaten on their very own, both of their pure type or roasted. Nonetheless, like others, you too can add them to your favorite recipes.

  • on a salad
  • in soups
  • in porridge
  • in granola or muesli bars
  • in pesto
  • in handmade baked items, comparable to carrot bread
health benefits of pumpkin seeds

6. Hemp seeds

Hemp seeds come from the hashish plant, so due to this truth they’ve lengthy been missed. Nonetheless, not like different components of the plant, they comprise solely negligible quantities of psychotropic substances. Quite the opposite, they boast many helpful vitamins and well being advantages. [4]

What are the well being advantages of hemp seeds?

  • They will help decrease blood ldl cholesterol and thus assist stop atherosclerosis.
  • The cardiovascular system may profit from the considerable arginine, which is concerned within the physique’s manufacturing of nitric oxide. This helps dilate and loosen up blood vessels and decrease blood strain. [4]
  • It additionally seems to have a constructive impact on the pores and skin. It could possibly assist relieve dryness or itching related to eczema. [2]
  • Research additionally talk about their affiliation with the alleviation of menopausal signs. [4]

What do hemp seeds comprise?

Wholesome fat make up crucial a part of these seeds. These are primarily unsaturated fatty acids, most of that are PUFAs. The ratio of monounsaturated to polyunsaturated FAs is 3:1 to 5:1, which additionally represents the best ratio of those two forms of FAs within the food plan. Hemp seeds can thus assist enhance the illustration of the helpful fat in your food plan. These seeds additionally boast a comparatively excessive proportion of protein, which can be simply digestible. Hemp protein can thus be a terrific selection of plant protein for vegans. [4]

Hemp seeds are equally wealthy in micronutrients. These embrace vitamin E, phosphorus, magnesium, calcium, zinc and copper. They’re additionally wealthy in helpful phytosterols.

Common power and nutrient content material of hemp seeds

Dietary values

100 g
Power worth 553 kcal
Fats 48.8 g
monounsaturated fatty acids 5.4 g
polyunsaturated fatty acids 27.5 g
Carbohydrates 8.67 g
Fibre 4 g
Protein 31.6 g
[14]

devour hemp seeds?

These unassuming seeds will be added to each candy and savoury dishes. For instance, strive the next.

  • for sprinkling on a creamy soup
  • in crackers and biscuits
  • on a salad
  • for the manufacturing of hemp milk
  • in candy truffles, porridges or smoothies

7. Poppy seeds

The poppy has been in existence and cultivated since historical occasions. It has been used not solely in vitamin but in addition as a medicinal substance. It accommodates opium, which has analgesic (pain-relieving) properties. This liquid from the unripe poppy seeds additionally accommodates addictive substances. Poppy seeds, nonetheless, don’t comprise these elements and might due to this fact be safely consumed as a part of a standard food plan.

What are the well being advantages of poppy seeds?

  • They could be helpful for coronary heart well being, due to their unsaturated fatty acid content material.
  • They could be useful within the remedy of osteoporosis.
  • Scientists additionally speak about their antioxidant and antimicrobial results. [7]

What do poppy seeds comprise?

Poppy seeds are wealthy in fibre and unsaturated fat. Of those, omega-6 fatty acids are essentially the most considerable.

Of the micronutrients, manganese, zinc, copper and phosphorus are value mentioning. Additionally, you will usually examine poppy seeds in reference to their excessive calcium content material. Nonetheless, calcium is much less simply absorbed than from animal sources (e.g. dairy merchandise) resulting from its antinutritional content material (e.g. phytic acid). This must be saved in thoughts particularly when following a vegan food plan. [6]

health benefits of poppy seeds

Common power and nutrient content material of poppy seeds

Dietary values

100 g
Power worth 525 kcal
Fats 41.6 g
– monounsaturated fatty acids 6 g
– polyunsaturated fatty acids 28.6 g
Carbohydrates 28 g
Fibre 19.5 g
Protein 18 g
[14]

eat poppy seeds?

You might be most acquainted with poppy seeds in reference to baking and candy recipes. For instance, they are often added to the next dishes.

  • in your favorite truffles
  • cheesecake
  • in porridge
  • within the manufacturing of poppy seed drinks, most notably poppy seed milk
  • in poppy seed potato dumplings or, for instance, steamed buns

What different seeds can diversify your food plan?

The seeds that we now have talked about are essentially the most generally present in shops and usually added to meals by a lot of you. Nonetheless, there are lots of extra that you could be come throughout.

  • Many generally use quinoa seeds as a facet dish, and but it’s the seed of a plant referred to as Chenopodium quinoa. It’s naturally a gluten-free pseudocereal.
  • Cumin or fennel seeds are characterised by their distinctive aroma. In doing so, they comprise substances that may be helpful for digestive issues comparable to flatulence and stomach bloating.
  • Pomegranate seeds stand out for his or her distinctive candy and bitter style and juiciness. They’re full of antioxidants, fibre and potassium.
  • Apricot kernels additionally belong amongst seeds. You will have come throughout the truth that they comprise what is named vitamin B17, to which some attribute, for instance, an anti-cancer impact. Nonetheless, this impact has by no means been confirmed. Quite the opposite, it’s value being cautious. This ‘vitamin’ is in reality amygdalin, from which poisonous hydrogen cyanide is fashioned within the physique. Extreme doses can thus be toxic. The EFSA states {that a} wholesome grownup can devour three kernels with out exceeding the established secure dose. [15]

What are sprouting seeds?

There are numerous seeds that can’t be eaten uncooked, however sprouting makes them extra digestible. It’s because the antinutritional content material is diminished. As well as, sprouting additional will increase the proportion of helpful substances within the seed.

Which seeds will be sprouted at house?
  • mustard seeds
  • alfalfa
  • radish seeds
  • broccoli seeds
  • arugula seeds and others
germinate seeds?

The method could be very easy. Initially, purchase or make a germination bowl or jar at house. It’s then necessary to soak the seeds and preserve them moist throughout germination. The seeds will then germinate in about two days. The precise process will depend on which seeds and which germination technique you select.

What number of seeds must you eat each day?

What portion is best for you will depend on your objectives and the present composition of your food plan. Nonetheless, assuming you eat a diversified and balanced food plan and simply need to complement your food plan with wholesome fat and different vitamins, deal with your self to round 30g of seeds a day. This portion is giant sufficient to give you necessary vitamins, however on the identical time it doesn’t comprise too many energy.

You too can benefit from the seeds whereas shedding weight if you find yourself in a calorie deficit. Nonetheless, it’s particularly necessary to management your portion dimension. As a result of seeds are fairly calorie dense resulting from their excessive fats content material, it’s simple to overdo it on portion dimension. Subsequently, ensure that the portion of seeds is inside your optimum each day power consumption. Our on-line power and nutrient calculator will enable you to decide what your very best calorie consumption is.

What’s the lesson?

These seeds are unassuming at first look, however comprise a surprisingly great amount of vitamins. In the beginning, they boast wholesome fat, but fibre, nutritional vitamins and different antioxidants usually are not lagging far behind. Whether or not you select flax, chia, hemp, pumpkin or sesame seeds, you’re positive to enhance your well being. Nonetheless, you’ll do finest to rotate them and embrace them frequently in your food plan. Solely then will your physique be capable of reap one of the best advantages from their constructive influence in your coronary heart, mind, digestion and different areas of well being. Now, which meal are you going so as to add them to right now?

Did you want right now’s article? For those who discovered it fascinating or discovered one thing new, don’t overlook to share it along with your family and friends.


Sources:

[1] ADELEKE, B.S. – BABALOLA, O.O. Oilseed crop sunflower (Helianthus annuus) as a supply of meals: Dietary and well being advantages. – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7500752/

[2] CERINO, P. et al. A Evaluation of Hemp as Meals and Dietary Complement. – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7891210/

[3] DOTTO, J.M. – CHACHA, J.S. The potential of pumpkin seeds as a practical meals ingredient: A overview. – https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2468227620303136

[4] FARINON, B. et al. The Seed of Industrial Hemp (Hashish sativa L.): Dietary High quality and Potential Performance for Human Well being and Vitamin. – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7400098/

[5] KAJLA, P. et al. Flaxseed—a possible practical meals supply. – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4375225/

[6] MELO, D. et al. Dietary and Chemical Characterization of Poppy Seeds, Chilly-Pressed Oil, and Cake: Poppy Cake as a Excessive-Fibre and Excessive-Protein Ingredient for Novel Meals Manufacturing. – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9562219/

[7] MUHAMMAD, A. et al. Evaluation on physicochemical, medicinal and nutraceutical properties of poppy seeds: a possible practical meals ingredient. – https://ffhdj.com/index.php/ffhd/article/view/836

[8] PARIKH, M. et al. Dietary Flaxseed as a Technique for Bettering Human Well being. – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6567199/

[9] PHILLIPS, Ok.M. et al. Phytosterol composition of nuts and seeds generally consumed in america. – https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16302759/

[10] RAUF, S. et al. The exploitation of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) seed and different components for human vitamin, medication and the business. – https://www.degruyter.com/doc/doi/10.1515/helia-2020-0019/html

[11] ULLAH, R. et al. Dietary and therapeutic views of Chia (Salvia hispanica L.): a overview. – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4926888/

[12] WEI, P. et al. Sesame (Sesamum indicum L.): A Complete Evaluation of Dietary Worth, Phytochemical Composition, Well being Advantages, Growth of Meals, and Industrial Functions. – https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9573514/

[13] Dietary Reference Values | DRV Finder. – https://multimedia.efsa.europa.eu/drvs/index.htm

[14] FoodData Central. – https://fdc.nal.usda.gov/fdc-app.html#/food-details/173757/vitamins

[15] Apricot kernels pose threat of cyanide poisoning | EFSA. – https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/press/information/160427



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